ORIGINAL_ARTICLEThe paper deals with personality characteristics and performance motivation profile in junior competitors in white water slalom. Performance in this discipline puts high demands on psyche of young competitor. The knowledge of personality and performance motivation of a sportsman, respecting their exceptionality, their impact on performance, motor learning and relationships should be an obvious condition of a training process. It is a case study of an explorative character. The observed sample was a specific group of 16 junior top competitors in white water slalom. We have used two standardized questionnaires: Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) and performance motivation questionnaire (DMV) by Pardel, Maršálová, Hrabovská (1984). On the basis of the EPI we have found that today the most suitable type in the junior category (up to 23 years) for performing the top performance is the sanguine type with the low neurotic score, with the average performance motivation values and braking anxiety and high values on the positive anxiety scale.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_01.pdf2011-04-30916white water slalomperformance motivationpersonalityMilanBílý1AUTHORVladimírSüss2AUTHORPetraMatošková3AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLEThe actual motor performance and thus the actual state of physical fitness of subjects is partly a consequence of their genetic predisposition and partly a consequence of the moving training they undertake. The basic problem by interpretation of exercise testing results in young subjects is a determination of actual (biological) state of subjects. Body composition (BC) may be used as a criterion of their development state. Dependence between selected maximal variables (maximal oxygen uptake per kg body mass - VO2max.kg-1, calculated total work - CTW, and maximal power output - MPO), and BC (%BF, FFM, BCM and ECM/BCM) were studied in a group of 665 top Czech young athletes (433 boys and 232 girls) of different sports events in age ranged from 10 to 18 years. The functional variables were assessed by incremental treadmill test. According to our results we present the basic physiological predispositions for success in some sports in both - boys and girls at the age of 15. These data play a decisive role in the selection of talent for the particular sports event.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_02.pdf2011-04-301727young athletesbody compositionfunctional testingphysical performanceVáclavBunc1AUTHORPavelHráský2AUTHORJiříBaláš3AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLEThis article presents the results of brand personality research of big sport events on the example of the Summer Olympic Games. The research is based on the methodology standardized by American author J. Aaker who specializes in the field of brand management. According to this research 42 features of sport brands were evaluated and subsequently divided into 5 dimensions. The results consist both of the features that positively describe the brand and the features that cannot be considered as describing the brand. Last but not least, the authors suggest specific arrangements that could improve the brand personality of the Summer Olympic Games and that, moreover, could contribute to better relations with fans, spectators and public. Nevertheless, these suggestions can also be used for creating the brand value perceived by the public and for conceiving the communication strategy.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_03.pdf2011-04-302834EvaČáslavská1AUTHORJanaPetráčková2AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLEIn the report we focus on comparison of each case studies of analysis of breast stroke swimming style by handicapped swimmers with over-knee amputation. The aim was to find out the stability of performance of each step, cycle (drive) by breast stroke swimming style and then to describe involving of chosen muscles by performance of each cycle at chosen group. Monitoring of kinezilogical contents of movement of chosen muscles was done by comparing analysis with help of qualitative analysis of video recording and on the base of quantitative comparison of intensity of electric possibility of chosen muscles. Monitored unit contained four swimmers, two men and two women, at age of 22 – 30. In the time of the research only these swimmers attended swimming races of disabled people in the Czech Republic in category A2. Results show asymmetrical activity of chosen muscles (m. pectoralis major, m. trapesius a m. obliques). Monitored people show stable performance of skills in individual comparison. Electric activity of chosen muscles is similar in comparison of each attempt.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_04.pdf2011-04-303544handicapswimmingbreast stroke swimming styleEMGA2LadaČuříková1AUTHORVladimírSüss2AUTHORPetraMatošková3AUTHORBronislavKračmar4AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLEThis entry is drawn like exploration of facts. Data was primarily obtained from foreign publications, where I found them at the databases. This entry briefly shows possibilities of using program Dartfish in physical education and in lessons of sports specialization at sport schools. While technology is most often blamed for the decrease in physical activity in our society, technology can also be used to help students develop and refine motor skills. Using of Dartfish video analysis could become a modern way how to teach complex kinetic figures easily. Study of the movements with program Dartfish is an amusement for contempory students and it can urge students to a deep research. This entry can show that learning and retention of motor skills with using of program Dartfish is improved by quantity and quality of feedback during and after execution of such skills.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_05.pdf2011-04-304552JanFeher1AUTHORAlešKaplan2AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLERelationship between muscle strength and movement realization is one of the criteria for explosive strength evaluation. Muscles are producing higher velocity of the body segment (Cabri, 1988). Better muscles coordination enables more effective increase in the movement activity with regard to its length (Zernicke, 1978). There were 11 young elite football players in this study (age 18,4±0,9 years; height 183,9±5,9 cm; weight 74,2±7,7 kg). Force platforms (Kistler, Switzerland) were used for explosive strength assessment. Kinematic analyser CODA was used for lower limb’s 3D movement evaluation. The velocity of the ball was measured by radar equipment Stalker ATS. The main parameters of explosive strength during the vertical jump were: height of the jump (cm), breaking impulse (Ns-1), acceleration impulse (Ns-1) and time phases duration. The movement of the lower limbs and velocity of the ball were evaluated as kinematics parameters. The study confirmed that players with higher vertical jump achieved a higher speed when kicking a ball. There was a significant correlation between explosive strength of lower limbs and the speed of the ball (r = 0,739; p < 0,01). There was also a significant correlation between height of countermovement jump free arms and weight of players (r = 0,812; p < 0,01).https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_06.pdf2011-04-305359explosive strengthspeed of ballsoccerdynamicMilanHanuš1AUTHORFrantišekZahálka2AUTHORTomášMalý3AUTHORTomášGryc4AUTHORPavelHráský5AUTHORLuciaMalá6AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLEThe study aims to highlight the need for assigning evaluation of functional state of the organism in cooperation with the operation of the training process. Probands in our group are a typical example of a group that long time, overload their motion system. The study provides information on testing the functional state of locomotive apparatus. In probands (n = 12), youth soccer junior category (U 16), with regular training and playing load we made the diagnosis of functional state of the organism within 6 months. For diagnosis, we used a test shortened muscles according to Janda (1995). In the period there took place in probands a pre-test ontogenetic transition from the youth category in the junior category. Significant muscle contractions can be found in the area of dominant lower limb. In case of dominant lower limbs we explain the increased occurrences of muscle contractions by chronic overloading. It is a time when there is generally put an end to the period of puberty and early adolescence. The main criterion was the reference analysis and subsequent development of changes in the shortened muscle groups, specifically loaded in soccer. Compensation of muscle imbalance, whether existing or acquired, may ultimately act as a prevention of overloading of the individual active components of the locomotor system.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_07.pdf2011-04-306065functional status of the organismfunctional muscle shorteningmuscle imbalancecompensation proceduresPavelHráský1AUTHORJaroslavTeplan2AUTHORTomášMalý3AUTHORAlešKaplan4AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLEThis research builds on a very sparse foundation in the field of sports economics, that of amateur boxing. Specifically, the “stylized fact” that the semifinals always produce the most hotly-contested (i.e., “best”) bouts in amateur tournaments is tested (independently) for the Men’s World Amateur Boxing Championships (2007) and Women’s World Amateur Boxing Championships (2010) using difference of means analysis. Two metrics are used to assess boxers’ quality of performance: effort (which one could think of as “action”) and “efficiency” (which is a proxy for “sharpness”). The evidence for the men neither supports boxers pacing themselves by expending less effort early in the tournament and then maximizing their effort in the semifinals nor “learning by doing”, whereby they steadily increase their efficiency throughout the tournament. The women exhibited a statistically-significant increase in efficiency in the semifinals, but showed no clear pattern over the tournament in terms of effort. Suggestions for future research include an analysis of a greater number of elite amateur boxing tournaments as a robustness check and internal evaluation methods of effort through surveys of the boxers. Such surveys would help to complement the objective gauge of effort used here with amateur boxers’ subjective insights into the effort they put forth in their bouts.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_08.pdf2011-04-306674DavidChaplin1AUTHORChristyHalbert2AUTHORAndrewKnapp3AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLEIn this paper the author deals with the basic stage of training of youth sports. He emphasizes its importance for future athletic performance during training top. Properly conducted training in the basic stage provides a broad development of motor skills, works to prevent health problems due to excessive and unilateral loads. It is necessary to acquire many different motor skills. The athlete may be advised in choosing the sports branch, which will be dedicated in future stages of sports training. The author mentions the avoiding of premature specialization to increase sports performance and achieve peak performance in a chosen sport branch in adulthood. Furthermore, the author notes that a significant part of the training system in a wide range of sports is athletics and fitness training. For this reason, the basic stage of athletic training as a very suitable basis for many sports. The author presents a specific example of preparation of youth sports organization in the athletic club Slovan Liberec AC. He focuses especially on the content of sports training in the youngest age groups.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_09.pdf2011-04-307581PetrJeřábek1AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLEEstablishing the team for the first Youth Olympic Games was initiated by the NOC Serbia immediately following the OG in Beijing. The program that was carried out was rich in contents that had optimal preparations for their aim, but also certain broader values framework. After the Games at which the Serbian Team won three medals (one gold, one silver and one bronze), the work done in the field of sports and true – Olympic values was highly commended by the IOC, but also by the professional, educational and political structures of the Republic of Serbia. The subject of this study is participation in the 1st Youth Olympic Games, as well as adaptation of the preparation program purposed to expand the value framework of young Olympians and the sports system of Serbia itself.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_10.pdf2011-04-308288BranislavJevtic1AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLEThe history of World Universiades is not thoroughly covered in the national historiography. Due to the fact that student sports is an integral part of the International Sport Movement and can be considered as an important training stage for the Olympic Games, analysis of this issue is quite actual.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_11.pdf2011-04-308993DariaKlimenko1AUTHORNataliaMelnikova2AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLEThe aim of article was to determine the level of physical development and motor performance of middle school age girls in a primary school in Banska Bystrica. The tested group consisted of 41 girls of Spojova Primary School in Banská Bystrica in decimal average age of 11.59 years. We have researched their physical development on the base of measurement of basic somatic parameters: body height, body weight, BMI, skin fold on the arm (triceps) and skin fold on the calf (medial calf). Motor performance was measured using the modified test batteries used in the state of the SR enriched educational program on the flexibility tests (Standing broad jump, sit-ups in 30 seconds, Shuttle run 10 x 5 m, Pull up, Endurance shuttle run, Sit and Reach). Observed results were compared with measurements of Moravec et al. (2002), girls from Spojova school achieved in two tests (shuttle run 10 x 5 m, push-ups) statistically significantly worse results, whereas in one test (sit-ups in 30 seconds) statistically significantly better outcome and in the three tests (standing broad jump, endurance shuttle run, sit and reach) were not statistically significant differences. The research results confirm the insufficient level of school girls School Data link and recommended limiting the reach level A. This table modified by girls assigned to the group with low physical fitness. Attached are the results of the input measurement for experimental investigations aimed at the possibility of increasing levels of physical fitness through fitness 12 weeks intervention programme. Research is carried out under the grant VEGA 1/0840/09 effectiveness of new approaches fitness training in sports games.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_12.pdf2011-04-3094103physical developmentmotor performancemiddle school age girlsPetraKolodzejová1AUTHORAlešSuchomel2AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLEThe aim of the article is to summarize the available theoretical and practical knowledge of the fitness training in skiing and show the possible development of innovative approaches of balance skills in sports training for children in the early school age. In our article we summarized the available knowledge and information about the options for development of balance skills for children in the early school age on the basis of professional, literary and internet resources. Criteria in assessing of the appropriateness of special components for development balance skills were: timeliness, specificity requirements of skiing as a sport, the identity of the course movement structure, age appropriateness of the components, the type of connected analyzer and selected specificities of conditions of sports training (training period, spatial, material and economic conditions). Based on a critical analysis and logic methods, we came to the conclusion that the development of innovative approaches of balance skills in sports training in early age category can include in particular the following innovative training components: In-line, Roller, Balancer, Fit-ball, Beam and Slack line. We believe that our new training components placed at a suitable application, will help ensure the desired progress of the training effect in the studied age group of skiers.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_13.pdf2011-04-30104112fitness trainingbalance skillsinnovative componentsskiingearly school agePetraKolodzejová1AUTHORMiroslavNemec2AUTHORZuzanaRázusová3AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLEThe submitted paper discovers and explains the current educational system in the field of specialized activities for the youth in Slovakia. This report is realized in the time when the school reform in Slovakia still resonates and the system of after-school children and youth activities and the youth organizations financing is being adjusted. The survey is aimed mainly at the way and the system of accreditation in the field of youth activities from the point of Slovak youth organizations. By the means of analysis we also come to a conclusion that there exists a great variety of accredited places of employment providing qualification growth. This complex analysis of qualification growth options for the people working with the youth helps to reveal the possibilities and the interest in such a kind of education.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_14.pdf2011-04-30113118accreditationeducationyouth work qualificationJaroslavKompán1AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLEThe submitted analysis compares the offer of education in the field of outdoor activities at universities in Slovakia and the Czech Republic. These countries and their universities are compared on the base of the curricula of particular departments offering the study of physical education and sport, available on the Internet. Specifically, we compare universities in Prague, Olomouc, Brno, Usti nad Labem, Hradec Kralove, Ceske Budejovice, Ostrava and Liberec in the Czech Republic and Bratislava, Presov, Nitra, Komarno and Banska Bystrica in Slovakia. This complex analysis of their courses of study aims at options to study outdoor activities as an independent field of study and it also compares the subjects the students can complete, as well the outdoor certificates they can obtain. The article also shows the potentiality of both countries for performing outdoor activities compared to the real state of educational options in this field from the point of both countries and their universities. This article is a partial component of VEGA 1/0808/09 grant.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_15.pdf2011-04-30119124outdoor activitiesuniversity studieseducationJaroslavKompán1AUTHORMartinBabiar2AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLECross-country skiing is recommended as a part of post-rehabilitation motor regime. The gliding step in classical technique and V-1 skating are the most common used techniques in the recreational form. The aim of the study was to clear out how the motor stereotype of cross-country skiing corresponds with bipedal walking. The used methods were the synchronized video record with the surface poly-electromyography in terrain (EMG). The data were interpreted on the basis of the comparative cross-correlation analysis of activation starts of the observed muscles. The female skier competing in the national team showed the similarity of phase moves of muscles stabilizing the pelvis and knee joint both during walking and cross-country skiing (both techniques). The difference between cross-country skiing and walking was found in phase muscles taking part on the propulsive strength for locomotion. It was not possible to compare the coordination relationship of the activity pairs: gliding step in classical technique – walking and V-1 skating – walking.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_16.pdf2011-04-30125134cross-country skiingwalkingelectromyographyBronislavKračmar1AUTHORMartinaChrástková2AUTHORRadkaBačáková3AUTHORVladimírHojka4AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLEThe aim of the study was to find intersexual differences in the levels of physical fitness and physical activity in children from the Liberec region. The sample was 130 boys and 124 girls aged 10-12 years. For research was used the following method: for measuring of the level of physical activity - Yamax pedometers; for measuring of the level of physical fitness - 8 tests selected from test batteries Fitnessgram and Unifittest; for determining of the somatic development - the basic somatic characteristics. The significance of intersexual differences was assessed by testing the significance of the difference t-test in software Statistica, version 9.0. The test results showed different motor performance of boys and girls in four tests. This research has been supported by the research grant IGS FP TUL, no. 115/2009.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_17.pdf2011-04-30135141physical fitnessphysical activityintersexual differencesJaroslavKupr1AUTHORKláraPochobradská2AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLEThis paper asks three basic questions concerning world winter games (Winter Olympic Games and related events). I shall point at the features of these games that we usually take for granted. The three basic questions asked in this text will concern the three main words from the title: ‘world’, ‘winter’, and ‘games’. Firstly, I shall ask questions about what winter sport means, which is related to the origin of the Winter Olympic Games at the beginning of the 20th century. Secondly, I shall highlight the topic of internationality concerning winter games, which has always been problematic. Thirdly, I shall explain why Olympic Games are ‘Games’ and not ‘Sports’. Here, I shall present the distinction between ‘Olympic Games’ and ‘world championships’, which was an important distinction for Pierre de Coubertin and his followers, but which has now almost disappeared.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_18.pdf2011-04-30142149IrenaMartínková1AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLEIn this paper we deal with individual case studies comparing the analysis of specific skills - skiing with unilateral above-knee amputation (group LW2). Monitoring of kinesiology content of selected muscle movement took place through a comparative analysis with qualitative analysis of video clip and the quantitative comparison of the electric potential of the selected muscles. The group consisted of three skiers, two men and one woman aged 22- 30 years. In the time of the research skiers participated in competitions in downhill skiing disabled in the Czech Republic in category LW2. The results show a different activation of selected muscles in conjunction with one and two stabilizers. Greater muscle activity was found in conjunction with the use of one stabilizer.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_19.pdf2011-04-30150159SkiinghandicapEMGstabilizersLW2PetraMatošková1AUTHORVladimírSüss2AUTHORBronislavKračmar3AUTHORMilanBílý4AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLEThe Problem: statistic analysis of the second part of figure skaters` free programmes. The Object of the Research: figure skaters (men and women): Senior professional athletes taking part in The European Championships, in The World Championships and in The Olympic Games; Junior professional athletes taking part in different Junior ISU competitions. The Subject of the Research: the 2nd part of free programmes among figure skaters of different sports qualification – Senior-professional athletes and Junior professional athletes. The Aim of the Research is learning the difference of figure skaters` free programmes according to the new ISU Judging System paying attention to the second part of the programme, researching the dependence of the complex coordination and of the stability of jump elements in the 2nd part of free programmes on different factors. The Hypothesis of the Research: The complex coordination and the reliability of jumps performance in the second part of free programmes among the figure skaters who have the same sports qualification directly depend on athletes` rating; The complex coordination and the reliability of jumps performance in the second part of figure skaters` free programmes directly depend on the sports qualification; The complex coordination and the reliability of jumps performance in the second part of free programmes for men are higher than for women; The complex coordination and the reliability of jumps performance in the 2nd part of free programmes improve during the season of competitions and during the Olympic cycle.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_20.pdf2011-04-30160164NadezhdaPakhamovich1AUTHORIrinaAbsalyamova2AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLEThis paper looks at the development of the Youth Olympic Games, first held in Singapore in August 2010, from the European Youth Olympic Festival (EYOF), first held in Brussels in 1991. With about 3500 athletes between 14 and 18 years of age from all 205 National Olympic Committees, a full Olympic sports programme, a Youth Olympic Village, and a Culture and Education Programme (CEP), the YOG is a very significant development, requiring investigation and consideration. We shall look at the Sports Programme, some new sports forms, disciplines and events (such as FIBA33, moon-lit diving, mixed events for gender and nation), innovative equipment (such as laser pistols), problems of participation and equal opportunity, age and fairness, immaturity and harm, talent identification, early specialisation, and possible exploitation. We shall also briefly examine the innovative CEP, noting its very existence as remarkable, and entering some caveats. Finally, we present a brief description of the up-coming Innsbruck Winter YOG, and of the hopes and aspirations for future editions of the YOG.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_21.pdf2011-04-30165173JimParry1AUTHORSteffieLucidarme2AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLEThe main aim of this paper is to record the theoretical and methodological background in the evaluation of secular trends in physical development and motor performance. The paper analyzed the published evidence from foreign and domestic studies. International studies from the last period of secular trends indicate dangerous. The Czech population of children last true representative of the study was conducted in 1987 and focused on comparing the results with the year 1966th. After 1987, no longer available for the Czech population is sufficiently representative of studies dealing with secular trends in physical development and motor performance. Communication is the theoretical basis for research, a representative of secular trends in physical development and motor performance in children aged 11-15 years who currently runs on 13 randomly selected primary schools in region.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_22.pdf2011-04-30174178KláraPochobradská1AUTHORAlešSuchomel2AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLEThe aim of the thesis is to find out the percentage of low-fit children and to characterize their somatic and motor development. The representative sample, which participated in the motor performance tests, consisted of 263 children (131 boys and 132 girls) aged 10-12 years. No children having any health limitation or attending specialised sport schools were included in the representative group. The measure was done by the standardised test battery FITNESSGRAM. The battery consists of tests of aerobic capacity (endurance shuttle run) and tests of strength, endurance and flexibility (curl-up, trunk lift, back-saver sit and reach, 90° push-up). For the low-fit individuals there were chosen boys and girls who did not accomplish 3 out of 5 criterion- reference standards. We got a group of low-fit individuals of 19 members (11 girls and 8 boys), which represents 7.22 % of the target group, by the medium of the criterion-referenced standards. Somatic profile of the low-fit individuals embodies a high overweight, which influences motor profile, especially in the area of aerobic capacity, strength and endurance of the high part of the body. The results confirmed a tendency to an ambiguous relation between the basic somatic characteristics and a low level of motor efficiency. The pedagogic specialists should concentrate their attention to the low-fit individuals. Their level of body fat is so unfavourable even though for their young age. If their life style does not change, then they can be directly threatened by the civilization diseases.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_23.pdf2011-04-30179186RadekPriputen1AUTHORJaroslavKupr2AUTHORLukášRubín3AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLEThe aim of the study is the presentation of brief history, current state and perspectives of military sport and training with the emphasis put on the role of the International Military Sport Council (CISM – Conseil International du Sport Militaire) based on the SWOT analysis. The CISM organizes various sporting events for soldiers of its 133 member countries. The ultimate goal is to contribute to world peace by uniting the Armed Forces through sport. The Military World Games are the top event. For the really young soldiers, the CISM World Cadet Games were held in 2010. Current CISM sport disciplines involve 26 sports on the world level. Among them, especially the military sports support the military training and represent a very good motivation for soldiers’ developing physical performance.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_24.pdf2011-04-30187193LubomírPřívětivý1AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLEThe research aims at exploring and providing an up-to-date definition of Olympic education, with the further expectation that this new definition will have theoretical reference for design and innovation of Olympic education in school curriculums, teaching materials and programmes. It exams the definitions of the subject ¨Olympic education¨ of researchers and educators from various countries and eras since it firstly appeared in the 1970s, then after a critical analysis of previous definitions within context of social, economic, political and educational development of the international community and the new changes in the Olympic Games, the research suggests a new definition with the consideration of current facts and challenges faced in the Olympic Games and Olympic education practices. Two new viewpoints are presented in the research: the ¨elite education¨ function of Olympic education should be valuated more than it has been; the influences of media, high-tech and other newly-emerged issues in the Olympic Games should not be avoided but should be discussed in appropriate forms in Olympic education activities, programmes, school curriculums, etc.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_25.pdf2011-04-30194200Olympic educationOlympismthe 21st CenturyAngelica PeipeiSha1AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLEThe aim of this study was to verify intercorrelation between selected tests for measuring explosive power of lower extremities of cadet female volleyball players. The program was applied to a group of players at the age of 15 - 17. For measuring there were used standard motor tests: vertical jump with an approach (T1), standing vertical jump (T2), standing broad jump (T3) and countermovement jump (T4) on dynamometric Kistler plate Quattro jump Type 9290 AD. Correlation analyses were processed in program Statistica 9.0 CZ. Selective file reached following results (mean ± standard deviation): T1 = 55,8 ± 3,7 cm, T2 = 43,3 ± 4,4 cm, T3 = 205,0 ± 16,6 cm and T4 = 41,0 ± 4,2 cm. The empirical investigation revealed that selected tests are mutually highly or very highly dependent (r = 0,78 to 0,90). The lowest correlation (r = 0,78) showed a relationship between T1 test and T3 test. The highest correlation (r = 0,90) was found between T2 test and T4 test.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_26.pdf2011-04-30201207MojmírŠtelzig1AUTHORAlešSuchomel2AUTHORVáclavBittner3AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLEThe most significant working contribution to major events in sports is provided by a very large number of volunteers who undertake tasks across the range of opportunities afforded by such events. This study seeks to identify the evident gaps that exist in understanding areas such as what volunteers do at sport events; what motivates them; how and where to recruit the volunteers; should volunteers be rewarded somehow for a job well done? As for the results and main findings, different types of recruitment systems, the accommodation and assignments that depend on the level of sport event have been defined. It’s necessary to mention that the role of volunteers has considerably increased. Besides, European volunteer experience might be adopted at organizing Sochi Olympic Games in 2014.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_27.pdf2011-04-30208214DariaTimoshenko1AUTHORNataliaShishova2AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLEThe report focuses on the domain of the plyometrics in the sports training of adolescents. It summarise relevant knowledge by literature retrieval. The sources were Czech and foreign publications. The aim of the report is to give a view of problems of plyometrics in the sports training of youth.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_28.pdf2011-04-30215219EvaVaidová1AUTHORAlešKaplan2AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLEThe study deals with gymnastics in school physical education. It is important that pupils are sufficiently physically equipped for correct execution of the exercise forms. The main goal was to monitor the dependence of the level of muscle strength (of indicators of strength abilities in this case) on the execution of the exercise form called upswing. Pupils of the eight- year Liberec grammar school participated in the tests. It was a study for which two motor tests were chosen. The results show that the dependence of strength abilities on the execution of the exercise form exists. The strength abilities of the arms and shoulder girdle and the strength of lumbar, hip, thigh and abdominal muscles are determining for the execution of upswing; they are substituted by take-off in most cases.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_29.pdf2011-04-30220227exercise formstrength abilitiesmuscle strengthmotor testsPavlínaVrchovecká1AUTHORLucieBartošová2AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLEThis article deals with application of methods of work time analysis for determining of standards of auxiliary and servicing processes in the manufacturing industry. Firstly compendium of methods for measuring and utilizing work of handlers was created. The article follows advantages and disadvantages of all methods regarding their suitability for optimal run of the workplace and effective utilization of the workers. Results of the questionnaire survey focused on the use of methods for work time analysis in the manufacturing companies in the Czech Republic are also part of this article. Application of individual methods to specific company data with the view of verifying the applicability of these methods in practice can be found in the case study. In the final part of the article assumptions and recommendations are introduced for subsequent utilization of methods for determing number of workers in auxiliary and servicing processes.https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_30.pdf2011-04-30228238EvaŠlaichová1AUTHORMiroslavŽižka2AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLEThis paper deals with the time series analysis and their development prediction of gross premium written of crop and livestock insurance in the frame of the Czech insurance market for years 2010 and 2011. The time series are defined as a sequence of data points, measured typically at successive times, spaced at time intervals. Data in this modelling are gross premium written of crop and livestock insurance of members of ČAP (Czech Insurance Association and insurance company Agra, o. s.) at years 1997–2009, while Agra, o. s. began undertaking operating on the Czech insurance market since the year 2007. This analysis does not include economic factors (for example: inflation, economic progress, economic recession, economic shocks).https://acc-ern.tul.cz/archiv/PDF/ACC_2011_2_31.pdf2011-04-30239248KarinaMužáková1AUTHOR